Contents | Science 378, 6617

COVER Butterfly wing patterns are mosaics of colored scales, as shown in this high-magnification image of a painted lady (Vanessa cardui) wing. A shared set of deeply conserved gene regulatory sequences are shown to control color pattern formation across species, suggesting that an ancient genetic architecture underlies wing pattern development. See pages 249 and 304.

Photo: Anyi Mazo-Vargas

Science

Volume 378|
Issue 6617|
21 Oct 2022

Photo: Anyi Mazo-Vargas

Editorial

Antarctic marine life under pressure

- Bettina Meyer
- So Kawaguchi
20 Oct 2022: 230
FULL ACCESS

Remember, do no harm?

- H. Holden Thorp
13 Oct 2022: 231
FULL ACCESS

News

In Brief

News at a glance

20 Oct 2022: 232-233

In Depth

Heart risks fuel debate over COVID-19 boosters

- Jennifer Couzin-Frankel
20 Oct 2022: 234-235

With benefits unclear, some scientists question new round of shots for young people

Brazil’s election is a cliffhanger for scientists

- Sofia Moutinho
20 Oct 2022: 235-236

Second Bolsonaro term could be “final nail” for science and environment

How the Black Death left its mark on immune system genes

- Ann Gibbons
20 Oct 2022: 237-238

Study of DNA from medieval victims and survivors finds gene that helped protect people from deadly pathogen

Has a new dawn arrived for space-based solar power?

- Daniel Clery
20 Oct 2022: 238-239

Better technology and falling launch costs revive interest in a science-fiction technology

‘Recoded’ bacteria shrug off viral attacks

- Mitch Leslie
20 Oct 2022: 240

Modified cells don’t allow invaders to replicate and don’t share DNA

Feature

Making trouble

- Jocelyn Kaiser
20 Oct 2022: 242-245

The United States is moving to tighten oversight of studies that could make viruses more dangerous. But how far should it go?

Insights

Perspectives

How butterfly wings got their pattern

- Marianne Espeland
- Lars Podsiadlowski
20 Oct 2022: 249-250
NO ACCESS

Gene regulatory elements play a crucial role in the pattern formation of butterfly wings

An ultraminiaturized spectrometer

- Jorge Quereda
- Andres Castellanos-Gomez
20 Oct 2022: 250-251
NO ACCESS

Scaling down spectrometers could allow their application in consumer devices

The timing of eating controls energy use

- Damien Lagarde
- Lawrence Kazak
20 Oct 2022: 251-252
NO ACCESS

Synchronizing food intake with the body clock boosts thermogenesis and limits obesity

Sex matters in liver fat regulation

- David J. Waxman
- Rhonda D. Kineman
20 Oct 2022: 252-253
NO ACCESS

Growth hormone orchestrates a complex, sex-dependent balancing act

Policy Forum

Science, misinformation, and the role of education

- Jonathan Osborne
- Daniel Pimentel
20 Oct 2022: 246-248
NO ACCESS

“Competent outsiders” must be able to evaluate the credibility of science-based arguments

Books et al.

Babbling bats and raucous reefs

- Benjamin Gottesman
20 Oct 2022: 254
NO ACCESS

Bioacoustics can aid in understanding and conserving species and ecosystems

A neurosurgeon’s climate fight

- Adam R. Aron
20 Oct 2022: 255
NO ACCESS

Cutting greenhouse emissions will require less brain and more (collective) brawn

Letters

Regulatory insight from low-income countries

- Jackson K. Mukonzo
- David A. Price
- Thaddeus H. Grasela
20 Oct 2022: 256
Free

The challenge of open access incentives

- Manuel Lerdau
20 Oct 2022: 256
Free

Preserving credibility of open access journals

- Baichang Zhong
- Xiaofan Liu
20 Oct 2022: 257
Free

Research

Research Highlights

In Science Journals

- Sacha Vignieri
- Michael A. Funk
- Ian S. Osborne
- Valda Vinson
- Marc S. Lavine
- Stella M. Hurtley
- Catherine A. Charneski
- L. Bryan Ray
- Yevgeniya Nusinovich
- Laura M. Zahn
- Di Jiang
- Leslie K. Ferrarelli
- Claire Olingy
20 Oct 2022: 259-260
Free

Highlights from the Science family of journals

In Other Journals

- Keith T. Smith
- Bianca Lopez
- Corinne Simonti
- Caroline Ash
- Marc S. Lavine
- Stella M. Hurtley
- Jake Yeston
20 Oct 2022: 260-261
Free

Editors’ selections from the current scientific literature

Research Articles

Mammalian oocytes store mRNAs in a mitochondria-associated membraneless compartment

- Shiya Cheng
- Gerrit Altmeppen
- Chun So
- Luisa M. Welp
- Sarah Penir
- Torben Ruhwedel
- Katerina Menelaou
- Katarina Harasimov
- Alexandra Stützer
- Martyn Blayney
- Kay Elder
- Wiebke Möbius
- Henning Urlaub
- Melina Schuh
21 Oct 2022
NO ACCESS

A membraneless compartment clusters mitochondria and stores maternal mRNAs in oocytes of various mammalian species.

Abstract

Full-grown oocytes are transcriptionally silent and must stably maintain the messenger RNAs (mRNAs) needed for oocyte meiotic maturation and early embryonic development. However, where and how mammalian oocytes store maternal mRNAs is unclear. Here, we ...

Structure of the hepatitis C virus E1E2 glycoprotein complex

- Alba Torrents de la Peña
- Kwinten Sliepen
- Lisa Eshun-Wilson
- Maddy L. Newby
- Joel D. Allen
- Ian Zon
- Sylvie Koekkoek
- Ana Chumbe
- Max Crispin
- Janke Schinkel
- Gabriel C. Lander
- Rogier W. Sanders
- Andrew B. Ward
20 Oct 2022: 263-269
NO ACCESS

Structural data reveal the molecular mechanism of assembly of the hepatitis C virus E1E2 glycoprotein complex.

Abstract

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a leading cause of chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma in humans and afflicts more than 58 million people worldwide. The HCV envelope E1 and E2 glycoproteins are essential for viral entry and ...

Delocalized photonic deep learning on the internet’s edge

- Alexander Sludds
- Saumil Bandyopadhyay
- Zaijun Chen
- Zhizhen Zhong
- Jared Cochrane
- Liane Bernstein
- Darius Bunandar
- P. Ben Dixon
- Scott A. Hamilton
- Matthew Streshinsky
- Ari Novack
- Tom Baehr-Jones
- Michael Hochberg
- Manya Ghobadi
- Ryan Hamerly
- Dirk Englund
20 Oct 2022: 270-276
NO ACCESS

A new computing architecture allows low-power edge devices to perform at levels otherwise reserved for data centers.

Abstract

Advanced machine learning models are currently impossible to run on edge devices such as smart sensors and unmanned aerial vehicles owing to constraints on power, processing, and memory. We introduce an approach to machine learning inference based on ...

Time-restricted feeding mitigates obesity through adipocyte thermogenesis

- Chelsea Hepler
- Benjamin J. Weidemann
- Nathan J. Waldeck
- Biliana Marcheva
- Jonathan Cedernaes
- Anneke K. Thorne
- Yumiko Kobayashi
- Rino Nozawa
- Marsha V. Newman
- Peng Gao
- Mengle Shao
- Kathryn M. Ramsey
- Rana K. Gupta
- Joseph Bass
20 Oct 2022: 276-284
NO ACCESS

Mice that eat in the active phase of their daily cycle burn more calories to produce heat, potentially helping them stay lean.

Abstract

Misalignment of feeding rhythms with the light-dark cycle leads to disrupted peripheral circadian clocks and obesity. Conversely, restricting feeding to the active period mitigates metabolic syndrome through mechanisms that remain unknown. We found that ...

Molecular structures reveal synergistic rescue of Δ508 CFTR by Trikafta modulators

- Karol Fiedorczuk
- Jue Chen
20 Oct 2022: 284-290
NO ACCESS

Molecular structures reveal how three drugs rectify the effects of the most common CFTR mutant in cystic fibrosis.

Abstract

The predominant mutation causing cystic fibrosis, a deletion of phenylalanine 508 (Δ508) in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), leads to severe defects in CFTR biogenesis and function. The advanced therapy Trikafta combines the ...

Reports

An evolutionary trade-off between host immunity and metabolism drives fatty liver in male mice

- Joni Nikkanen
- Yew Ann Leong
- William C. Krause
- Denis Dermadi
- J. Alan Maschek
- Tyler Van Ry
- James E. Cox
- Ethan J. Weiss
- Omer Gokcumen
- Ajay Chawla
- Holly A. Ingraham
20 Oct 2022: 290-295
NO ACCESS

Sex-dependent programs in the liver establish a trade-off between infectious and dietary pressures in mice.

Abstract

Adaptations to infectious and dietary pressures shape mammalian physiology and disease risk. How such adaptations affect sex-biased diseases remains insufficiently studied. In this study, we show that sex-dependent hepatic gene programs confer a robust (~...

Miniaturized spectrometers with a tunable van der Waals junction

- Hoon Hahn Yoon
- Henry A. Fernandez
- Fedor Nigmatulin
- Weiwei Cai
- Zongyin Yang
- Hanxiao Cui
- Faisal Ahmed
- Xiaoqi Cui
- Md Gius Uddin
- Ethan D. Minot
- Harri Lipsanen
- Kwanpyo Kim
- Pertti Hakonen
- Tawfique Hasan
- Zhipei Sun
20 Oct 2022: 296-299
NO ACCESS

A single junction of two-dimensional van der Waal materials provides the basis for ultraminiaturized spectrometers.

Abstract

Miniaturized computational spectrometers, which can obtain incident spectra using a combination of device spectral responses and reconstruction algorithms, are essential for on-chip and implantable applications. Highly sensitive spectral measurement using ...

Disease outbreaks select for mate choice and coat color in wolves

- Sarah Cubaynes
- Ellen E. Brandell
- Daniel R. Stahler
- Douglas W. Smith
- Emily S. Almberg
- Susanne Schindler
- Robert K. Wayne
- Andrew P. Dobson
- Bridgett M. vonHoldt
- Daniel R. MacNulty
- Paul C. Cross
- Peter J. Hudson
- Tim Coulson
20 Oct 2022: 300-303
NO ACCESS

Disease epidemics drive the evolution of morphology and behavior in wolves.

Abstract

We know much about pathogen evolution and the emergence of new disease strains, but less about host resistance and how it is signaled to other individuals and subsequently maintained. The cline in frequency of black-coated wolves (Canis lupus) across ...

Deep cis-regulatory homology of the butterfly wing pattern ground plan

- Anyi Mazo-Vargas
- Anna M. Langmüller
- Alexis Wilder
- Karin R. L. van der Burg
- James J. Lewis
- Philipp W. Messer
- Linlin Zhang
- Arnaud Martin
- Robert D. Reed
20 Oct 2022: 304-308
NO ACCESS

Ancient multifunctional regulatory elements underlie the evolution of butterfly wing color patterns.

Abstract

Butterfly wing patterns derive from a deeply conserved developmental ground plan yet are diverse and evolve rapidly. It is poorly understood how gene regulatory architectures can accommodate both deep homology and adaptive change. To address this, we ...

Highly flexible and superhydrophobic MOF nanosheet membrane for ultrafast alcohol-water separation

- Li-Hao Xu
- Shen-Hui Li
- Heng Mao
- Yan Li
- Ao-Shuai Zhang
- Sen Wang
- Wei-Min Liu
- Jing Lv
- Tao Wang
- Wei-Wei Cai
- Le Sang
- Wen-Wen Xie
- Chan Pei
- Zheng-Zheng Li
- Ying-Nan Feng
- Zhi-Ping Zhao
20 Oct 2022: 308-313
NO ACCESS

Flexible metal-organic framework honeycombed nanosheet membranes are applied for alcohol-water separations.

Abstract

High-performance pervaporation membranes have potential in industrial separation applications, but overcoming the permeability-selectivity trade-off is a challenge. We report a strategy to create highly flexible metal-organic framework nanosheet (MOF-NS) ...

Spillover benefits from the world’s largest fully protected MPA

- Sarah Medoff
- John Lynham
- Jennifer Raynor
20 Oct 2022: 313-316
NO ACCESS

Catch rates of yellowfin and bigeye tuna have increased near the boundaries of a large marine protected area in the Pacific Ocean.

Abstract

Previous research has cast doubt on the potential for marine protected areas (MPAs) to provide refuge and fishery spillover benefits for migratory species as most MPAs are small relative to the geographic range of these species. We test for evidence of ...

MTCH2 is a mitochondrial outer membrane protein insertase

- Alina Guna
- Taylor A. Stevens
- Alison J. Inglis
- Joseph M. Replogle
- Theodore K. Esantsi
- Gayathri Muthukumar
- Kelly C. L. Shaffer
- Maxine L. Wang
- Angela N. Pogson
- Jeff J. Jones
- Brett Lomenick
- Tsui-Fen Chou
- Jonathan S. Weissman
- Rebecca M. Voorhees
20 Oct 2022: 317-322
NO ACCESS

Mitochondrial carrier homolog 2 mediates the insertion of diverse alpha-helical proteins into the mitochondrial outer membrane.

Abstract

In the mitochondrial outer membrane, α-helical transmembrane proteins play critical roles in cytoplasmic-mitochondrial communication. Using genome-wide CRISPR screens, we identified mitochondrial carrier homolog 2 (MTCH2), and its paralog MTCH1, and ...